Any MST hub should be able to do the same. DisplayPort 1.4 MST hubs like the CSV-1550 are the most capable because they support the highest DisplayPort bandwidth (HBR3 x4 with DSC). All the DisplayPort MST hubs I know including the CSV-1550 use the Synaptics chips (click all the “Read More” buttons at https://www.synaptics.com/products/video-interface-ics )
Also, if you have a GPU and OS and graphics driver that supports DSC, then it effectively increases the input/output bandwidth of the MST hub even more. For displays that don’t support DSC, the MST hub can take a DSC input and decompress it for output. This is how it is able to support three 4K 60Hz displays.
GPUs that support DSC are Navi (RDNA), RTX, Ice Lake, Tiger Lake, M1 Mac. macOS Big Sur and later might not support DSC. macOS Catalina supports DSC.
As for your problem with a PC laptop, PC laptop specs often skip details about maximum number of connected displays, or what GPU each port is connected to, or if a USB-C port supports DisplayPort Alt Mode or not.
Only PCs with Thunderbolt 4 are guaranteed to support DisplayPort Alt Mode (and also two displays via Thunderbolt) because Intel won’t let them use the Thunderbolt 4 name without those features. Other PC laptops without Thunderbolt 4 might only support one display from a Thunderbolt 3 port.
All Macs have Thunderbolt 3 ports that support two displays (except the M1 Mac where the second DisplayPort connection of the Thunderbolt port can only be used by dual tile displays like the LG UltraFine 5K or the Dell uP2715K display).
The billboard device is a feature of USB-C devices. If you connect a USB-C device that requires a specific USB-C Alt Mode (such as DisplayPort Alt Mode or Thunderbolt Alt Mode) but your USB-C port doesn’t support that feature then the OS can use the info of the billboard device to display a message.
The manual for the Asus ROG GL502VS-DB71 seems to indicate that the USB-C port only support USB 3.0. That’s 5 Gbps. DisplayPort 1.2 (HBR2) is 5.4 Gbps (per lane). DisplayPort 1.4 (HBR3) is 8.1 Gbps (per lane). The ROG GL502VS is from 2016. The Intel GPU can support 3 displays including the internal display. The Mini DisplayPort and HDMI port add up to 3, so it’s unlikely the USB-C port supports a display. But your laptop has an Nvidia GPU as well? But the specs don’t say what ports it’s connected to if any. Connect a display to all the ports and see what GPU the Device Manager says they are connected to. (view by Connection).